Norton Motorcycles’ Flagship New 1200cc Sportsbike Spied

Executive Summary

Norton Motorcycles, under the transformative ownership of TVS Motor Company, is poised for a significant re-entry into the high-performance superbike segment with its all-new 1200cc flagship sportsbike. This model represents a critical milestone in the British brand’s ambitious revival. The personal involvement of TVS Motor Company’s Managing Director, Sudarshan Venu, in the final development stages underscores the strategic importance and high expectations placed on this new machine.

The new V4 exhibits a radical design departure from its predecessor, the V4SV, adopting a more aggressive and purposeful aesthetic, indicative of a renewed focus on competitive performance. TVS’s substantial investment and hands-on leadership are systematically rebuilding Norton’s reputation, addressing past quality issues, and positioning the brand as a premium, aspirational player in the global motorcycle market. This flagship superbike is the spearhead of a broader, multi-platform product roadmap, including mid-capacity models, designed to expand Norton’s market reach and secure its long-term viability.

1. Introduction: The Resurgence of Norton Motorcycles Under TVS

1.1 Brief Historical Context of Norton’s Challenges and TVS’s Acquisition

Norton Motorcycles, an iconic British brand with over 100 years of racing prowess and heritage, faced decades of financial instability and operational challenges. This tumultuous period culminated in bankruptcy in January 2020 under previous ownership, with reports of fraudulent wrongdoing, unpaid taxes, and unfulfilled customer deposits severely tarnishing the brand’s reputation and trust.¹ The brand’s history includes multiple ownership changes and financial distress, from its early days in Birmingham to its acquisition by Associated Motor Cycles (AMC) in 1953, and subsequent formations like Norton-Villiers and Norton Villiers Triumph (NVT), all marked by financial difficulties and industrial disputes.¹ Prior to TVS, the brand experienced further instability under North American ownership and the controversial tenure of Stuart Garner, who faced legal action for misusing pension funds.¹

In April 2020, India’s TVS Motor Company, one of the world’s largest two and three-wheeler manufacturers, acquired Norton in an all-cash deal for a reported £16 million, initiating a comprehensive revival plan.¹ This acquisition by TVS was not merely a financial transaction but a strategic rescue mission for a brand on the brink. The relatively low acquisition cost, compared to TVS’s subsequent investment, highlights the distressed nature of the asset and the significant undertaking required for its rehabilitation.

The disparity between the acquisition price and the massive subsequent investment of over £200 million (approximately RM1.2 billion) in revitalizing the brand clearly indicates that TVS was not just buying a brand name, but committing to a complete overhaul and rebuilding process.² This substantial capital injection signals a long-term, high-stakes commitment to restoring and elevating Norton, far beyond its immediate state at the time of purchase, demonstrating a deep belief in Norton’s inherent brand value and potential despite its troubled past and the considerable effort required to rectify its historical issues.

1.2 The Strategic Importance of the New 1200cc Sportsbike as a Flagship

The upcoming 1200cc sportsbike is explicitly positioned as the “flagship machine” for the revived British brand.⁴ Its official unveiling is scheduled for EICMA 2025 in November, marking a pivotal moment for Norton’s re-introduction to the global stage.⁵

The decision to launch with a high-performance flagship model, rather than a more accessible entry-level bike, is a strategic declaration of intent. It aims to immediately re-establish Norton’s engineering prowess and premium standing, directly confronting its past reputation for quality issues and underperformance relative to segment leaders.¹ Launching with a flagship model is a high-risk, high-reward strategy. If successful, it immediately elevates brand perception and demonstrates technical capability, which is crucial for a brand trying to rebuild trust. If it were to launch with a smaller, less aspirational model, it might reinforce perceptions of a diminished brand.

By leading with a superbike, Norton and TVS are making a bold statement about their commitment to performance, design, and engineering excellence, directly challenging the negative narratives of the past. This approach is about re-establishing the brand’s credibility at the highest level first, which can then trickle down to other models. This strategy aims to capture the attention of high-end enthusiasts and industry observers, setting a new benchmark for the revitalized brand.

TVS Motor Company’s Managing Director, Sudarshan Venu

2. The New 1200cc V4 Superbike: Development Milestones and Leadership Involvement

2.1 Detailed Account of the Final Testing Phase and Sudarshan Venu’s Personal Engagement

The new 1200cc sportsbike has entered the “final stages of its development” following numerous test runs.⁵ A significant milestone was the private test ride in the UK by Sudarshan Venu, Managing Director of TVS Motor Company.⁵ Mr. Venu, described as an “accomplished rider himself,” provided “valuable feedback directly from the top of TVS” to Norton CTO Brian Gillen and the core R&D team, aiding in the refinement of the final package.⁵

Sudarshan Venu’s direct, hands-on involvement transcends typical executive oversight. For the Managing Director of a multi-billion dollar company to personally test a prototype and engage directly with the R&D team on feedback is highly unusual. This level of engagement signifies a deep personal and corporate commitment to the product’s quality and performance, acting as a direct quality assurance mechanism from the highest level of the parent company. This powerful message of confidence is conveyed to the market and potential buyers. Mr. Venu’s status as an “accomplished rider” means his feedback is technically informed, ensuring that the bike’s dynamics meet not just engineering specifications but also the subjective feel desired by discerning riders.⁵ This direct oversight minimizes potential missteps and ensures the product aligns precisely with the strategic vision for Norton, bolstering confidence in its final form.

2.2 Role of Brian Gillen and the R&D Team in Refining the Product

Brian Gillen, Norton’s Chief Technical Officer, is leading the new bike’s technical design and was directly involved in receiving Mr. Venu’s feedback.⁴ The R&D team is actively refining the final package ahead of the full reveal.⁵

The collaboration between TVS leadership and Norton’s technical team, led by Gillen, creates a robust development pipeline. Gillen’s background, having previously served as R&D Director at MV Agusta, a premium Italian brand known for its high-performance and design-centric motorcycles, is a significant asset.¹⁰ His leadership indicates a commitment to sophisticated engineering and aesthetics, aligning with the “modern luxury” positioning envisioned by Mr. Venu.² The direct feedback loop from Mr. Venu to Gillen and the R&D team ensures that strategic objectives, such as achieving “highest standards of engineering, design, detail and dynamism,” are directly translated into technical execution. This integrated approach accelerates problem-solving and ensures the final product is cohesive and refined, minimizing potential design-to-market disconnects and ensuring the product embodies the brand’s renewed promise.

2.3 Emphasis on “Highest Standards of Engineering, Design, Detail and Dynamism”

Norton claims the new superbike has been engineered to hit “the highest standards of engineering, design, detail and dynamism”.⁴ This is acknowledged as a “big statement for a company still rebuilding its reputation after a turbulent few years under previous ownership”.⁷

This bold claim is a direct response to Norton’s past quality control issues and financial mismanagement. Given Norton’s recent history of controversy, including reliability and safety issues ⁹ and fraudulent wrongdoing ¹, such a strong claim is a deliberate strategic move. It serves as a public commitment to a new era of excellence under TVS, aiming to restore consumer trust and differentiate the brand from its tarnished history. For this claim to hold weight and rebuild trust, the new V4 must demonstrably deliver on these standards, particularly in terms of quality, reliability, and performance. Failure to meet these heightened expectations could further damage the brand’s fragile reputation. This implies rigorous internal testing and quality control processes are in place to back up the public statement, as the market will scrutinize this claim heavily.

3. Design Evolution: A New Aesthetic for the V4 Platform

3.1 Comparative Analysis of the New V4’s Styling and Aerodynamics Against the V4SV

The styling and aerodynamics of the new V4’s front end have been “heavily developed” compared to the V4SV.⁴ The new V4 is described as going in a “different direction from before”.⁷ The V4SV, while visually stunning with CNC machined billet aluminum and carbon fiber, was noted for its “slightly cute-looking lights” and lacked “fancy aero wings”.⁷ It was positioned more as a “luxury superbike for the road”.⁹

The explicit shift in design language from the V4SV’s “cute” aesthetic to a “purposeful” and “aggressive” one suggests a strategic pivot towards a more performance-oriented and visually competitive superbike. The V4SV, despite its premium components, was aesthetically somewhat softer and less overtly aggressive than its superbike rivals. Its design, while beautiful, might have conveyed a less performance-focused image. The new design language aims to rectify this, projecting an image of raw power and track capability.

This is crucial for competing in a segment where visual aggression and perceived performance are as important as actual specifications. This move aims to align Norton’s flagship with contemporary superbike design trends, which often emphasize sharp lines and aerodynamic efficiency, moving beyond a purely “luxury” or “heritage” appeal. It reflects a strategic decision to make the bike look as capable as it is claimed to be, immediately signaling its intent to challenge the segment leaders and appeal to a broader audience of performance enthusiasts.

3.2 Focus on the Redesigned Front End, Headlights, and Aggressive Design Language

The headlights are a “totally different vibe,” with the new “face” looking “much more purposeful”.⁷ New LED peepers and neat DRLs are highlighted, appearing “far more purposeful and less swooping than before”.⁴ This “more aggressive design language will echo through the rest of the bike”.⁴

The emphasis on the front-end redesign, particularly the lighting signature, is a critical branding element. The “face” of a motorcycle, especially its headlight design, is often the most recognizable and impactful visual element. By radically changing this, Norton is signaling a complete break from the past and establishing a new visual identity. The move to more aggressive, purposeful LED lighting aligns with modern superbike aesthetics and technology. This isn’t just about looks; it’s about creating an immediate, strong impression that communicates the bike’s high-performance intent and modernity, helping to distance it from any lingering perceptions of being a “retro” or “classic” brand in the superbike segment. This new aesthetic is likely to be a design hallmark for future Norton models under TVS, creating a coherent visual brand identity.

3.3 Discussion of Technical Changes where Details are Available

While full technical details are awaited, glimpses suggest significant updates.⁴ The previous V4SV featured a hand-polished, TIG-welded aluminum tubular chassis, Öhlins NIX30 forks and TTXGP rear shock, Brembo brakes, full quick shift and auto blipper, lean-angle sensitive traction control via a six-axis IMU, and a 6-inch TFT display with rear-view camera functionality.⁹ The new prototype, however, appears to feature a new chassis, seemingly cast aluminum instead of tubular sections, electronic suspension (possibly Öhlins), and new Brembo Hypure front calipers.¹⁵ The engine appears reminiscent of the current 1200cc V4, but with a new underbelly exhaust.¹⁵ The V4SV’s engine produced 185bhp and 125Nm of torque.⁹

The shift from a hand-welded tubular aluminum frame (V4SV) to a potentially cast aluminum chassis in the new V4 suggests a move towards more advanced manufacturing techniques that can offer greater rigidity, optimized weight distribution, and potentially more consistent production quality.¹⁵ Hand-welded tubular frames, while artisanal and visually appealing, can have limitations in terms of consistent rigidity and mass production scalability compared to modern cast or forged aluminum frames. A shift to a cast aluminum chassis implies a pursuit of higher performance characteristics, such as torsional stiffness and optimized flex, and potentially more efficient manufacturing. This technical evolution, coupled with the upgrade to electronic suspension and top-tier Brembo calipers, indicates a serious intent to elevate the new V4’s performance and handling to compete with top-tier superbikes. This addresses the V4SV’s performance gap ⁹ and positions the new model against the segment’s elite.

Table 1: Key Specifications Comparison: New V4 (Known Details) vs. V4SV vs. Select Competitors (e.g., Ducati Panigale V4 S)

4. Strategic Vision: Norton’s Positioning within TVS Motor Company’s Portfolio

4.1 TVS’s Investment and Commitment to Norton’s Revival

TVS Motor Company has invested over £200 million (approximately RM1.2 billion) in revitalizing the Norton brand since its acquisition in April 2020.² Sudarshan Venu recognized Norton’s “iconic spirit” and “racing history” as having significant potential for a premium product, aligning with TVS’s desire to move into the premium segment.² TVS is committed to building “cutting-edge bikes in the UK with new technologies”.²

The magnitude of TVS’s financial commitment, significantly more than the initial acquisition cost, signals a long-term, strategic play to establish Norton as a global premium brand, rather than a short-term turnaround. This capital is being deployed to rectify historical deficiencies in quality, R&D, and manufacturing, and to fund future growth. This level of financial backing is crucial for a brand that needs to completely rebuild its foundation and reputation, allowing for the development of multiple new platforms and entry into competitive markets, rather than just a cosmetic refresh. It underscores the strategic importance of Norton to TVS’s own global premiumization strategy, positioning it as a key pillar in their aspiration to move upmarket.

4.2 Brand Positioning as Premium and Aspirational, Differentiating from Mass-Market Brands

Norton will be positioned as a “premium and aspirational” brand, not focusing on mass-market, single-cylinder products below 450cc, at least initially.¹⁰ The strategy aims to differentiate Norton from Royal Enfield, catering to a “niche customer base” and offering bikes that are “uniquely differentiated and uniquely Norton”.¹⁰ Mr. Venu emphasized keeping Norton in the “luxury space”.¹⁰

This clear premium positioning is a deliberate strategy to avoid direct competition with high-volume, lower-margin segments dominated by brands like Royal Enfield. Royal Enfield dominates the mid-capacity, retro-classic segment with high sales volumes and competitive pricing. Directly competing with them would be a race to the bottom on price and volume, which is not where Norton’s historical brand equity lies.

By explicitly targeting a “luxury space” and “niche customer base,” TVS is aiming for higher profit margins per unit and leveraging Norton’s heritage of craftsmanship and exclusivity. This strategy aligns with Mr. Venu’s vision of Norton becoming one of the “most desirable bikes globally” ², focusing on perceived value and brand prestige rather than sheer market share. This selective market approach is crucial for sustainable profitability in the premium segment.

4.3 Discussion of the Broader Product Roadmap and Manufacturing Strategy

TVS has committed to launching six new Norton models over the next three years.³ Four models are planned for 2026, available in the UK, France, Germany, Spain, Italy, and India.¹⁰ The product roadmap includes the flagship V4 platform, 961 Commando models, and a new 650cc parallel-twin platform (previously scrapped in 2022).¹⁰

A key development is the use of the BMW jointly-developed 450cc parallel-twin engine for both TVS and Norton models, with BMW showcasing its F 450 GS concept at EICMA 2024.¹⁰ This 450cc Norton could potentially compete with Triumph’s Speed 400 and Scrambler 400 X.¹⁷ The “Norton Electra” name has been trademarked in India, speculated to be a sub-500cc model, possibly based on the 450cc twin, or potentially an electric offering.¹⁰ Manufacturing will be shared between the UK (Solihull factory) and India, with some models having greater value-added content in India and some locally in the UK.¹ A new India-UK free trade agreement is expected to facilitate component shipping.¹⁷

This diversified product roadmap, encompassing both high-performance and accessible mid-capacity segments, reveals a sophisticated market entry strategy. The strategic leverage of the BMW-TVS 450cc platform allows Norton to expand its reach into a high-volume, yet still premium, segment without incurring prohibitive R&D costs, while also benefiting from established powertrain reliability. The dual manufacturing strategy (UK/India) optimizes cost structures, leverages local expertise, and enhances market responsiveness, crucial for global expansion. This multi-pronged product strategy allows Norton to address different market segments simultaneously. The superbike establishes aspirational brand image and engineering credibility, attracting enthusiasts and reinforcing the “luxury” positioning.

The mid-capacity models, while still premium, offer a more attainable entry point, broadening the customer base and generating higher sales volumes, which are essential for long-term financial stability. By leveraging TVS’s existing distribution networks and market knowledge in emerging economies, Norton can achieve a global footprint more rapidly than if it focused solely on traditional Western markets. This diversified approach reduces reliance on a single, highly competitive segment and creates multiple revenue streams, ensuring a more resilient business model. The “Electra” trademark further indicates a forward-looking approach, potentially exploring electric mobility, which aligns with Mr. Venu’s broader vision for TVS and future-proofs the brand.²

Table 2: Norton’s Projected Product Roadmap Under TVS (2025-2026)

5. Market Landscape and Competitive Dynamics

5.1 Analysis of the Superbike Segment and Norton’s Competitive Stance

The superbike segment is dominated by high-performance machines, often exceeding 200hp, from brands like Ducati (Panigale V4 S: 215.5hp) and Aprilia (RSV4 1100 Factory).⁹ The previous V4SV, at 185hp, was “significantly down on power and torque” compared to this competition and was not an “out-and-out racer”.⁹ The new V4, with its aggressive design, potential cast aluminum chassis, electronic suspension, and Brembo Hypure calipers, is clearly aiming to be “right on par with the big names from Italy”.¹⁵

Norton’s strategic shift from a “luxury road bike” (V4SV) to a more performance-competitive superbike reflects an understanding of the segment’s demands. The market for high-end superbikes is fiercely competitive, with performance metrics, especially horsepower, being a primary differentiator. The V4SV’s lower power output was a significant competitive disadvantage. To succeed, the new V4 must not only match rivals in power and technology but also overcome the perception of its predecessor’s performance deficit.

This implies a significant engineering push to extract more power from the 1200cc V4 engine, potentially exceeding the V4SV’s 185hp and moving closer to or exceeding the 200hp mark. This is a critical factor for market acceptance and brand credibility in this segment, as performance enthusiasts demand top-tier power figures.

5.2 Potential Rivals and Market Opportunities

In the superbike segment, direct rivals include Ducati Panigale V4 S, Aprilia RSV4 1100 Factory, and potentially high-performance offerings from Japanese manufacturers, though some have “paused innovation” in this segment.⁹ In the mid-capacity segment, the planned 450cc Norton will compete with successful models like Triumph’s Speed 400 and Scrambler 400 X, which are bestsellers manufactured in India.¹⁷ Royal Enfield’s 450cc Sherpa platform and 650/750cc twins are also relevant competitors in the neo-retro/mid-capacity space.¹⁸

Opportunities exist in emerging markets such as Africa, Asia, and Latin America, where TVS has strong distribution capabilities, and in Europe, where a product range is being developed.² India is seen as a crucial, fast-growing market for TVS and Norton.² Norton’s diversified product strategy allows it to tap into multiple, distinct market opportunities. While the flagship V4 targets the high-margin, prestige superbike segment, the mid-capacity 450cc twin, leveraging the BMW-TVS partnership, provides a crucial entry point into the rapidly growing and more accessible premium-middleweight segment. This dual approach mitigates risk by not putting all efforts into the superbike segment alone and leverages TVS’s global market expertise beyond just the UK.

5.3 Challenges in Regaining Market Share and Reputation

Norton faces the significant challenge of rebuilding trust and reputation after years of controversy, including reliability and safety issues, and fraudulent activities under previous ownership.¹ The V4SV itself had 35 faults that needed fixing from its predecessor, the V4SS.¹¹ Meeting Euro 5+ emissions rules for sales in mainland Europe will require “substantial improvements” to the 185hp 1200cc V4.¹⁷

The past issues, particularly the 35 faults identified in the V4SS (leading to V4SV), present a dual challenge: not only must the new V4 be technically superior, but Norton must also implement robust, transparent quality control processes to regain consumer confidence. The “highest standards” claim [User Query] is directly challenged by Norton’s recent history. It’s not enough to simply design a good bike; TVS must demonstrate consistent manufacturing quality and reliability over time to overcome the deep-seated mistrust.

Compliance with stringent emissions regulations like Euro 5+ is a non-negotiable hurdle for European market access, indicating that the engineering focus extends beyond pure performance to regulatory adherence and environmental responsibility.¹⁷ This regulatory hurdle is a barrier to entry for key European markets and signifies that Norton’s engineering capabilities must be truly world-class across all aspects, not just speed, to achieve broad market acceptance.

6. Conclusion: Charting Norton’s Future

6.1 Summary of the New V4’s Impact on Norton’s Brand Image

The new 1200cc V4 superbike is more than just a product launch; it is a definitive statement of Norton’s rebirth and its commitment to a future of “highest standards of engineering, design, detail and dynamism”.⁴ Its aggressive new design and advanced technical features aim to reposition Norton as a serious contender in the premium superbike segment, shedding the baggage of its turbulent past and the V4SV’s comparative performance limitations.⁷ The personal involvement of TVS CEO Sudarshan Venu underscores the strategic importance of this model and serves as a powerful endorsement of the brand’s renewed quality and direction.⁵

The new V4 is the physical embodiment of TVS’s brand rehabilitation strategy. Its success or failure will largely dictate the market’s perception of the “new Norton” and the efficacy of TVS’s substantial investment. It represents a high-stakes litmus test for the brand’s credibility. Given Norton’s past, this bike is not just a product; it’s a statement of intent and a test of TVS’s ability to deliver on its promises. If the new V4 meets or exceeds expectations in terms of performance, quality, and reliability, it will validate TVS’s strategy and investment, rapidly rebuilding Norton’s brand image. Conversely, any significant shortcomings could severely undermine the entire revival effort. Therefore, the launch and initial reception of this model are critical indicators of Norton’s long-term viability and TVS’s success in this venture, setting the tone for all subsequent product introductions.

6.2 Outlook on Norton’s Long-Term Viability and Growth Under TVS

TVS’s comprehensive product roadmap, extending beyond superbikes to include mid-capacity models (e.g., 450cc twin) and leveraging shared platforms (BMW-TVS), indicates a strategic approach to long-term growth and market diversification.³ The dual manufacturing strategy (UK and India) provides flexibility, cost efficiency, and market access, positioning Norton for global scale.¹⁷ TVS’s vision for Norton as a “modern luxury motorcycle brand” with “world-class standards” and a focus on “uniquely differentiated” products suggests a sustainable, high-value business model.²

The strategic commitment from TVS, evidenced by significant investment and direct leadership involvement, provides Norton with the necessary resources and direction to overcome its historical challenges. The diversified product portfolio, catering to both high-performance and premium mid-capacity segments, combined with a global manufacturing and distribution strategy, positions Norton for sustained growth and profitability. The successful launch of the 1200cc V4 at EICMA 2025 will be a crucial first step in solidifying Norton’s renewed reputation and paving the way for its ambitious future under TVS Motor Company.

Sources

1. Norton Motorcycle Company – Wikipedia, accessed July 20, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norton_Motorcycle_Company
2. Why we bought Norton, by TVS Managing Director, accessed July 20, 2025, https://www.bennetts.co.uk/bikesocial/news-and-views/features/bikes/tvs-interview-norton-venu
3. Norton Teases Sub-500cc Comeback Bike – iMotorbike News, accessed July 20, 2025, https://news.imotorbike.com/en/2025/07/norton-motorcycles-teaser-new/
4. Norton V4 2025: New superbike about to be unveiled – First details and development insights, accessed July 20, 2025, https://motorcycles.news/en/norton-v4-2025/
5. Norton Motorcycles New 1200cc Sports Bike Hits Testing Milestone, accessed July 20, 2025, https://motorcycleindustry.co.uk/norton-motorcycles-new-1200cc-sports-bike-hits-testing-milestone/
6. Norton Motorcycles New 1200cc Sports Bike Hits Testing Milestone – Superbike News, accessed July 20, 2025, https://superbike-news.co.uk/norton-motorcycles-new-1200cc-sports-bike-hits-testing-milestone/
7. Norton’s new 1200cc sportsbike undergoes final testing with TVS …, accessed July 20, 2025, https://www.visordown.com/news/nortons-new-1200cc-sportsbike-undergoes-final-testing-tvs-ceo
8. TVS Boss Spotted Testing New Norton V4; Global Unveil on 4 …, accessed July 20, 2025, https://www.bikewale.com/news/tvs-boss-spotted-testing-new-norton-v4-global-unveil-on-4-november/
9. 2022 NORTON V4SV | IS IT REALLY WORTH $77K? – Australian Motorcycle News, accessed July 20, 2025, https://amcn.com.au/editorial/2022-norton-v4sv-first-ride/
10. Analysis: Norton Electra Trademarked In India – What Could It Be?, accessed July 20, 2025, https://www.carandbike.com/news/analysis-norton-electra-trademarked-in-india-what-could-it-be-3217440
11. 2022 Norton V4SV review | Re-engineered Norton V4SV track test – Visordown, accessed July 20, 2025, https://www.visordown.com/reviews/first-ride/2022-norton-v4sv-review
12. V4SV Re-engineered | Norton Motorcycles, accessed July 20, 2025, https://nortonmotorcycles.com/stories/the-re-engineered-v4sv/
13. Norton V4CR Track Motorcycle | Carbon Fibre Superbike, accessed July 20, 2025, https://nortonmotorcycles.com/range/norton-v4cr-motorbike/
14. Norton V4SV Superbike | Handcrafted British Performance Motorcycle, accessed July 20, 2025, https://nortonmotorcycles.com/range/norton-v4sv-motorbike/
15. Norton’s New V4 Superbike Might Be Ducati And Aprilia’s Kryptonite – Top Speed, accessed July 20, 2025, https://www.topspeed.com/norton-v4-superbike-spotted-testing/
16. 2025 Fastest motorcycle in the world Norton V4 RR – YouTube, accessed July 20, 2025, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xPFI6o4QZF0
17. Norton Planning Six New Models | Cycle World, accessed July 20, 2025, https://www.cycleworld.com/motorcycle-news/norton-planning-six-new-motorcycle-models/
18. TVS And Norton 450 cc Parallel-twin Engine-powered Bikes Arriving Soon – ACKO Drive, accessed July 20, 2025, https://ackodrive.com/news/tvs-and-norton-450-cc-parallel-twin-engine-powered-bikes-arriving-soon/
19. Norton Motorcycles Teases Arrival On Social Media – ACKO Drive, accessed July 20, 2025, https://ackodrive.com/news/norton-motorcycles-teases-arrival-on-social-media/

Our Social Media Handles

• Instagram : LivingWithGravity
• Medium : Akash Dolas
• YouTube Channel : Gear and Shutter